![]() Scientists are concerned that DNA repairs influenced by microgravity conditions may not be adequate, and can lead to harmful consequences. However, previous research has found that how cells pick a particular repair strategy can be influenced by the microgravity conditions in space. They deploy different strategies depending upon the type of damage. Thankfully, our cells do have natural mechanisms in place to repair the damage. ![]() The radiation, as you may guess, causes damage to the human DNA, which could lead to cancer in humans and animals as well. Moving out of the earth’s atmosphere means leaving the protective blanket that saves us from ultraviolet radiation among other harmful stuff out there in space. This article was originally published with the title "Lab Tech Opening: 249 Miles above Earth" in Scientific American 314, 6, 17 (June 2016)ĭoi:10.For human beings, going to space may seem the most exciting thing, but our bodies do not enjoy it that much. What have you learned that you never expected to? We can also look at epigenetic modifications to the genome caused by radiation, sleep changes, and so on. The second part is, What happens to DNA in space? Sequencing DNA on the ISS will enable NASA to see what happens to genetic material in space in real time, rather than looking at a snapshot of DNA before launch and another snapshot of DNA after launch and filling in the blanks. We don't know if bubbles will form or how the sequencing reaction will work without gravity. The first part of the experiment is more technology development: looking to see how this kind of sequencing technology behaves in microgravity. ![]() I hope so, if it all works out with the timing. So will you perform the first genetic sequencing in space? The really critical question for NASA is whether these devices can detect signatures of life in the universe. The kind of technology they use in a remote field medical center is the same kind of technology you'd probably start designing for an instrument on Mars or deep-space exploration. This is really cool for me because very small, portable sequencing devices are also used in the field-during a monkeypox outbreak, for example. One thing we're trying to understand is how DNA-sequencing technology will work in the microgravity environment. What's one of your favorite experiments onboard? But the work I've done with dangerous pathogens helps you concentrate and keep your head together in a difficult and high-pressure situation. For obvious reasons, we're not bringing Ebola to the space station. My research on the ground was focused on smallpox, Ebola and viral genomics. Will you be conducting any of your own research up there? Now we have the capability to maintain a sterile environment for any experiments with living organisms. So far I've worked to upgrade our hood, in which we do biology experiments on the space station. Lately there's more of a research focus on biology and molecular biology. Scientist-astronauts really started in the Apollo days, when they started bringing geologists in. Is it rare for an astronaut to be a molecular biologist? Rubins recently spoke with Scientific American about her upcoming sojourn to space, which will last about four months. Onboard, Rubins will be responsible for conducting and monitoring more than 250 experiments from researchers around the world, including an investigation into the mechanics of sequencing DNA in microgravity-a feat first pulled off last fall by Johns Hopkins University researchers onboard a parabola-flying plane. Since her selection, she has closed up her laboratory at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Mass., and undergone extensive training for space that included prolonged underwater sessions and military pilot courses. Rubins, a trained virologist, is a member of the 20th group of astronauts chosen by the space agency, and she is poised to make her first trip to the ISS this month. When Kate Rubins heard back from NASA in 2009, she traded her clean suit for a spacesuit.
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